U~i n~ aid~ like thi~ rPeording tra , ·erser (left) at the Nohel, 0 111 •. i:-as turbine test cstublishment of Orenda En~ines Ltd., Canadian e n• ~int:'cr~ are ahl <" to t·ornpres~ into hour, , work that wou ld tak e weeks h:'· oth e r nu--an~. straight produ,tiun nins of U.S. or British designs. then we loose a large part of our capacity for a swift pro duction bui ld up. And to loose such a capacity may be dangerous. in the flash fire oi modern atomic war. Today. we in Can:id:i stand on :1 th reshold. Since the bst gun sounded in \:Vorld \Var II. to now. we ha,·e planted our aircraft design industry and nursed it to the budding stage. !\"ow we must ha,·e the confidence :rnd fortitude, through the years, to bring it to fu ll bloom. And as the time p:isses, the design p:irt of the in dustry must be expanded with our ex panding economy. Although a decade has passed since the fi rst RCAf speci fications went out for the design of CF-I 00 C:inuck and the Orenda en gine. industrial maturity. in so com pl ica ted a design field :is :1ircr:ift :ind their equipment. 1s merely m Its s"·addling clothes. T hough we may ha,·e a tendency to Our Strategic Pool of Engineers By GlfOlJP CAl,T.41N H. R. , ~ooTTIT " Science, engineering, and in dustry have had as gr eat, if not greater, par t in shaping the destiny and form of this count ry than haYe states manship and polit ical philo sophies." R t . Hun. C. D. H01ce (1.<152) N 0 SOO!\"El{ had James Cook dropped the Resolution's anchor in the calm coastal waters off Vancouver Island, than the ship was swarming with Indians. T o our ab original forefa thers of 1778 the top ~a ils of such a European windjammer mc.:a nt one thing-metal. Their thi rst for this precious commodity was al most imatiable. "Whole suits of clothes were stripped of e1·c.:ry (metal) button ; bureaus of thei r furniture. and copper kettles, tin c:111nistcrs, candlesticks :ind the like: ll"Cll t into the wreck." From thi s \lo l:p ik tl1e l~nolut iPn ·, c"ft"II l1.1nn<"d "i'i" , . h,., ,:, I :r,,11 10: J(i sea otter furs. And from the copper, brass and iron came the trinkets, pans and kni,·es that had become a vi tal necessi ty to the Indian's daily life. From this typical seed, nurtured with European know-how. has g rown the ,·ast Canadian manufacturing industry of today. \\1ovcn into this industrial fabric are the large airplane an -t ll'1<> ll t""·,,l,,e. h:1 , Ix:,·! fed in hy the top k , •:I c11g:111.:cr, \\' ho landed on our shores. With this crutch we ha,·e been able to cut considerably the years nect:ssary to reach design maturity. With this aid we have been able to slice a large branch from the half century of air craft engineer ing experience of our western world neighbors, and graft it to our own budding industry . And now that we have built up these large engineering teams we must maintain rhem-designing, dra fting, cakul:1ting. planning. For these teams, 1t war breaks out again. will be splintered off I: 1-.. :z lU 0 ~~ Ol '-.:_ tJl 2 ~ 0< i= a'. ~~ Cl <( 0 u.. ~ 0 Q.. O· z r.i\l' \\' I ''l ,:1 ' cq C i' f,I, I t·r,, 1. 111 , ,rhc '" \\'c •rd ... . 1:1t 1111H· t.1Li.:1 1 !1<>1 11 tht.: day th<.: 1ir" .1 irpl :111<.: w," pu,ht:J ofT the production lint:, until the fac tory was grinding th<.:m out at thl: peak rate for which the tooling had been planned. (: prc,jccts the en g1neer11 g c!,-,,:: :111•·111 !)(1:1\h ., nH,dc,t 38 employees. including I 2 engineer~. 6 technicians . :ind JO draftsmen. \:\Then the Bristol Aeroplane Com pany of Canada took over the plant last year thei r well known executi\'e, W. S. H aggett, moved into the man ager's office. Slowly plans began to shape up for an entry into the heli copter field. Says W. S. Haggett. "Our future plans in this venture are based on the ::issumption that the basic des ign. aerodyn::imics ::ind pe rfo rmance of the helicopter will be done by Bristol. England. Howe\'er. just lo change the design to _ 1orth American standards, and wo rk out modificat ions to suit the customer. we consider that we will have lo triple our present engineering department.' " Under Haggen's direccion the plans are not due to mature for another yea r a nd a half or m ore. This time lag meshes with the overall scheme, and, more importanc, it gi\'es the company a ch::ince to get together the necessary engineering staff. In the somewhat special ized :irt of heli copter engineering th is is a useful breather. ''We have," he reports, " recently taken steps to ,·isit the Can adian univers1t1es to offer coming engineering g raduates a free round trip to Bristol, England. While there they would spend some 2 to 3 yea rs i11 the I lc:li co? l<:r Engineer ing section. f"hn· nc,ul 1 !•t unda no oh!1;_!,ll iC>11 whatsoner. But we hope that after that time they would return to ,\l:ic D onald Brothers w help us Ill our new and expanding hel icopter orga n1- z:1tion. Sou!1d Approach: With the resis: ance or Br itish and U .S. indu stry stifTening against past pilfering oi their aeronautical bra in power. this j5 :1 co111111o n sense and generous ap proach to the problem of engineering expansion in Canada. Undoubtedly. it wi ll he one that many C:111adian manufacturers will ha\·e lo folio\\" ii we are to extend our baseline of engin eering talen t. While thi. scheme i, satisfactory for a peacetime build up. it poillls a warning finger lo the future. In \\·ar time we would not ha\·e enough cime co carry through such a prodigious training program. T hus, we must h:1 \'e the key man power readily a\·ail able in ~uflicien l numbers lo gel pro duction mo1·ing with all the speed :rnd efficienn that the di! ution of skilled engineering talent w ith unskilled \\·ill allow. But what is thi s dilut ion factor: H ow much would our small aircraft comp::inies. and others. be expected lo grow when the dark clouds of war break 01·er the horizon? C. C. Young. Chief Aeronautical Engineer for !'\onhwest l ndustries Limi ted of Edmonton. h:1s done some serious thinking about this wanime expan sion. It is ol"·iously impossible to definitely pin down \\·hat a company with a small peacetime engineering staff might do in case of war. How ever. Young cons iders. as a rough escimate. ••If our company were to re main in the fields of install::itions, modificatium. :ind sub-contrac t manu facture. our total en~incering stafT would swell to some 300 to keep pace with a total em ployce roster of -l ,000 to s.ooo.·· Al present the :t'-:onhwesl Industries' engineering staff adds up to 24, in cluding 4 engineers, and 13 drafts men. Wartime Expansion: Thus a ten fold-plus engineering expansion is a reasonably good estimate of what the small Canadian airpla11e company could expec t in a time of hostili ties. !'\ow add lo this the expansion that would have lo take place through the equipment 111:111uf:,cl11rt: and cons umer 111:n, JI r o r the unin~r~:11 puwC'r p lant arc almost ht• hi11cl 11:- and much moi·t· effort wi ll he rcq u irf'C.l in th<' in~tallation of lhl' power plant i11 thC' aircraft than ha~ f' \"CJ' been provitled Ucforc. T ia• matc: hin)! of the e11s:dnc inl E.>t. a1111t:-:. h will h:1\·t• to t·o 11trol the ert ).!'i nt.· fut.•! flow fur t.ht.• val'iuus a i1·craf1 spet>-d~. alt itt1dC':-: and tem peratu res: i t will haw• to ;.!'t1anl ag-ain:-t en).!ine rotol' overspeed, HJ::"ainst ovcr- pi-cs~111·izati on of t he combustion chnm Lt•r. a~ain~t O\·er-heat.in~ of the turbine and it will have to control the fuel flow to the a f terburner. It p rob~tb ly will be integT:lte:l with r,a i-t.s of the aircraft control sy~"tem to c•ont l'ol s11ch va riab les as aircraft speed s in ct..• Lh t:" pi lot will be too busy flying- nnd navig-:11- in ).!' to ha ,·<: tim(• for s uch items. 1 n the dc~ign of such enJ::"ine accessories. therc.•fo1·e . it hc.-co mcs increasingly irnport.ant that the philosophy of th.•sii::-n simplicity be applit·d to the utmost in thP execution of ead1 nwchan ical function to a vo id hopclcs!-; con fusion in the O\·e ndl re:--ult. '\Vhcn vou \·is ua li z.t· the mnze o f equiJ)ment, p r acticr-illy C(H" erinj.!' t he onbicle of the avcra~e tu1·bofot. in cluding- thl• Orenda, you can well undcr:,tand t!rnt, if simplidty i f.- not the preli min:u ·y de ~i).!n keynote, this hope-less confus io n C'ould wc·II cll•velop a~ C'Xtrn equipment is ;.idded and it usua lly is- JH~\\"(•r pl:mt. ThcsC' aN·<--sSor:'" lails such as \";d\'t._~. pipC" fit ting-s, filtC'n.; , ~olc noicl!'- . t.·on t n,J IC\'Cl'!< a11tl otf1pr ;ire• th t..· ve ry items that kt>CJI }lil'craft g-1·a1n'ldt'<.i. pcrhap~ because Uu:y :--t•em n•lati\'ely un impotant. and J,!encndly same irnportanct• as UH• st1- t:allccl major pan~ s in <.•c, i:ro1.1 111ic>d .aircraft ar-c• \"C'ry pMr w c-apon~ of ilcfcncc 01· p rofit mal-in~ \'ehicl~. i\latcrial Cons idt.'ratinns: You hav(> rcal izC'd no do11ht, that matci-iHI :-: will nlay a very im portant part in t!1 42: de~ig-n of futu r e encines. e,·c n more than th..--•:r d id in the past. 'I'her <' are C\'er inereasing numhers . <>iH:h with its own pa rticular Jll1>pcrties, and the pul:--ion Labo1· atm·~-. N AC.-\. ~how e

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