Wooden short cabinet with top towel rack at top. A large bowl and pitcher would have sat on top, the pitcher would hold water which was poured out into the bowl to wash your face/shave in the morning. Towel held on rack would be used to dry. Popular before there were bathrooms for everyone in a house. The washbasin measures 51" (h) x 33" (w) x 17" (d).
"commode, oak" This is from the accession record.
I would call this a washbasin or washstand. -ALowrie