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Carbon County Museum

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2015.180.11.142

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Rans Baker's Research Collection Box 7 2015.180.11.142 The following file is composed of Lectures and Notes given or researched by Rans. Contents have briefly been listed. For more information on the subject, see the file. The folders are primarily arranged by date when possible and alphabetical by subject name in Box 7. Some files contain clippings and newspapers. RANS LECTURES 1890-1900 Rans Lecture – 1890s #1 1890s were turbulent in south central Wyoming – bad weather, gold and copper booms, financial depression, labor strife, and wars over control of open range, during rapid growth of science and technology P1 Decade was an economic roller coaster, fostering greed and new laws which nurtured strife and crime Winter of 1889-90 hit hard P2 Little Snake River Valley, considered a good place for winter, was actually hit worst Summer of 1889 was dry, so little hay was put aside – stock let loose in the red desert in the winter to fend for themselves, but the weather was not accommodating – sheep did ok but horses and cattle died Ora Haley’s 2 Bar was the only cattle company to survive – the Pot Hook and Ell 7 failed P3 The valley lost 60% of its horses and 75% of its cattle Old Jim Baker had managed to put hay enough hay to get by ok, and sold cheaply to neighbors, but then had some cattle stolen – he tracked the thief and got a warrant for C.C. Irwin, who was a part time town marshal and friends with Charley Perkins P4 Perkins and Jim Baker were on bad terms Irwin got court venue changed to Perkins’ territory, where Jim had to pay fees then threw out the court and told Jim to pay for Irwin’s captivity – he said no P5 Court adjourned, decided Jim had to pay, so judge initiated a writ of attachment against Jim’s ranch Jim promised to pay, writ dismissed P6 Hands-off attitude to the law, including buying known stolen goods – later allowed the Powder Springs Gang to have some relaxation in the Valley, just paying back for any damage they did while drunk Insufficient local law force Upper Platte Valley totally different story Saratoga 20 miles from a Railroad, connected by wagon roads to Rawlins and Ft. Steele and Carbon P7 Saratoga had the first bridge over the North Platte, so they became main crossing for emigrant road Gold field development, causing decade’s first major rush – The Henry Placer – first significant claim, and that area became the Cusick Mining District P8 Saratoga attorney Alfred Heath became Cusick Mining District’s recorder Many claims made, roughly half of them worked New district formed on upper Brush Creek, “Gold Hill” – papers exaggerated claims Laramie board of trade organized stage road company to the mines P9 Saratoga had the advantage, with a saw mill road modified into Gold Hills major stage + commercial route; Carbon also made a route Mid-October – major snow stopped roadwork, prospecting, and drastically slowed mining – miners trapped in snow were rescued by Saratoga people who brought supplies Late start to the season – little accomplished Gold Hill district officially recognized P10 Shaft houses completed over some of the mines and a few other buildings Laramie Gold Hill road completed, but closed due to snow Stage line switched to sleds and even that wasn’t enough, they’d have to snowshoe (more like cross country skis) the rest of the way – tie hacks took up the snow shoes as well P11 Post office called Gold opened – official government recognition Jim and Joe Rankins got contract to deliver mail to Rawlins, Saratoga, + Gold Hills Road Company with Ferguson John C. Brower + Joe Lucein built a stage station on Ferguson’s part of the route P12 This J. W. Hugus’ brother opened a store on Gold Hill The road from Carbon to Gold Hill finally completed, but always in poor shape Steven W. Downey created a very brief gold rush in Rawlins while trying to cheat Thomas Ogg P13 Downey became involved in Centennial Mining District, which failed. He wanted to move his stamp mill to Gold Hill – wagons unable to get materials up the roads at first, second company successful Mill always had troubles P14 Next winter even harder Mill had constant failures Population shrunk and mail service ceased P15 Gold rush south of Baggs in the 4 Mile District - late 1891-1892 placer mining became profitable there, as well as for Baggs and Dixon, the nearest towns Griff + Jack Edwards formed 4 Mile Placer Co., spending $20,000 on a ditch + flume irrigation system to bring water for sluce boxes Site never developed, no mines discovered 4 Mile Placer Co found a way to trap fine gold grains to salvage some money The Gold Valley Placer Mining Co. came in P16 Gold Valley Placer Mining Co. made a diversion ditch US gold reserves dropped and investors and the public lost confidence in federal currency – 80 thousand businesses failed, hundreds of banks closed P17 Rawlins struggling to find a source of drinking water – abandoned Rawlins Springs for the distant Cherokee Springs, but that got contaminated in early 1880s – many other wells used after that By 1890 UP had got a good aquifer but the city had not Penitentiary building commission got worried they wouldn’t have enough water, eventually successful well completed in May 1889 Construction of the pen went slowly Preparations for statehood in July 1890, drought in region Henry Rasmusson mayor P18 Rasmusson had to tell the town they were out of water – hasty agreements with pen for water UP cut off water to their customers, increasing the problem Rawlins scared by example of Carbon, which had a disastrous fire without the water to quell it Rawlins fire trucks moved to the pen just in case P19 Additional water sources including Homer Merrell’s private spring – flow low and water hard Housewives graded local wells by how long you could use a coffee pot before having to clean the mineral deposits – best well in 1890s gave you ~30 days 1889 Rawlins Republican begins publication Sandstone quarries active, paint mines soon to reopen, coal mines insufficient for demand P20 Employment very good, all houses and rooms in town full, most people doing very well 1st National Bank of Rawlins chartered Deputy Sheriff Joe P. Rankin assigned offices of Wyoming’s U.S. Marshal; local attorney Homer Merrell appointed to state’s Supreme Court Municipal water system established and electric light power plan acquired Edison had visited with Draper expedition and written articles in the Carbon County Journal Invention of the lightbulb Battery powered telegraph Electric devices for jeweler’s P21 Battery powered clock in jeweler’s window – larger handmade clock with electricity Public meetings on desire for electric lights held Minimum 450 lamp posts, at $19.70 each, for a light company to succeed, could only get guarantees for 254; by August 1888 had enough guarantees, Rawlins Electric Light Co formed P22 Both papers thought the plant would be built; for it to be a steam plant, though, the town would need much more water – had to raise funds for another water tank Bank of one of the main power plant funders’ bank folded, taking his money Mayor Rasmusson got the second water tank built and got the town interested in the power factory P23 Source of water not yet found Malachi Dillon made arrangements to have his own steam generator put in to light his Bank Exchange Saloon with UP water – building lit on fire but was saved with little damage P24 Dillon arrested for shooting a bartender Billy Hislip continued to run Dillon’s bar successfully with the power plant, and was even able to light other buildings Rawlins Electric Light reorganized and got downtown light post locations surveyed New water source found, light posts ordered Ordered an Edison Power Plant and drilled to try to find more wells P25 Built a building for the factory City said light posts should be in alleys not streets late November 1891 plant online, plus they purchased Dillon's plant to stop potential competition, and already needed to enlarge their plant bicycles introduced here (late) in the 1880s and came into vogue in late summer 1891, both papers wrote about cycling P26 biking is good for you, and for both genders - neither paper's editors had actually ridden themselves at that point in September a cross-country cyclist stopped in Rawlins to rest - later in his journey he wrote a letter in which he said Rawlins has not a parallel from an uncivilized point of view - lots of people but no bicycles - Rawlins Republican mad P27 some Rawlins people started looking into bikes, and in Feb. 1892 started the Rawlins Bicycle Club first bikes in Rawlins $100-$150 each - expensive P28 photo of bike club taken May 1892 Rawlins had 2 bike dealers - E.E. Fordham and Louis Schalle Schalk ordered a bike for himself and one for Dr. Osborne - first type with pneumatic tires P29 Lillian Heath, med student, first female member - many other ladies in town started biking soon after Bicycle Club members rode to Saratoga for the 4th of July 1891 - set out around 4am P30 lunched at Sage Creek Station (stage coach's best time between Saratoga and Rawlins was 5 hours 12 minutes) bikers made it to Saratoga by late afternoon and royally received Tom A Rendle won the day's bicycle race out of the 42 club members who went and some Saratoga racers biked back July 5th July 1892 club rented the second floor of the Hugus building - organized a band, got military bearing P31 both Rawlins paint companies, The Rawlins Metalic and the Rocky Mountain Vermilion companies had both closed in 1879 Halleck Paint Co. of Denver continued to use Rawlins Red for paint and flux thanks to a stockpile, which was dwindling by mid-July 1890 Dillon prospected and found good ore deposits and founded a New Paint Co. - tried to lease claims to the Denver co. P32 Dillon temp. out of the picture, Halleck Paint Co. told Rasmusson the mining had to resume New Paint Co leased their mines successfully/profitably - Dillon's interests protected J.C. Davis new mayor new mine drilled P33 Malachi Dillon had been in Carbon Co. since mid 1870s in 1885 he and his brothers opened the Dillons Exchange Saloon + opened first local coal mine Dillon went prospecting in Hanna Peak area, came back and discovered his wife was sleeping with his brother Pat - shot his brother in the thigh, Malachi jailed, because of need for coal they put Pat on a train for Laramie to doctors and released Malachi to manage the mine started heavily drinking P34 Malachi's private life a shambles - divorced, parents recently dead, estranged from Pat, Dan had died during surgery following a mine cave in Malachi went out of town to drink so he wouldn't hurt his business - shot a barman in Utah P35 Dillon's shooting the barman testimony P36 shooting testimony P37 put in Utah penitentiary public sentiment about Dillon in Utah - his regret his bar manager Billy Hislip committed suicide under questionable circumstances and the Saloon had to be sold P38 30+ friends from Rawlins came to testify at his Utah trial told his life story P39 life story implying inherited mental illness P40 life story - what drove him to drink P41 defense put forward doctors, insanity experts, etc verdict of voluntary manslaughter motion for new trial denied, sentenced to 9 years Utah bombarded with appeals P42 people all over appealed for Dillon's release - Utah Governor pardoned him and he returned to Rawlins to celebrate became a prominent contributing member of Carbon County. RANS LECTURE-1892-1893 P1 Winter of 1891-2 extremely rough, especially on other side of RR between the N. Platte and Medicine Bow Carbon sheepman Pete Pampel lost 900 sheep in a few hours, rancher George Ferris lost 600 sheep Railroad traffic threatened by snow John “Boston” Cosnow – day watchman at snowshed, dead of asphyxiation in watchman’s shaft, snow had plugged the flue on the stove Stockman Dickinson incorporated The Dickinson Town Site Co. and wanted to make a little town east of Fort Steele, but financial problems (worsened by the storm) stopped him – during 1892 a town would be built there without him – Walcott West of Rawlins conditions decent P2 Tipton plagued by coyotes Rawlins becoming south central WY’s sheep center – 103,000 sheep on red desert in Carbon County, another 16,000 over the line in Sweetwater Needed to store wool, agriculture in the US in a recession – McKinley Tariff made sheep not very profitable Paint mines only had 2 small markets – Denver and Omaha The people who leased Dillon’s coal mine found that tough too Stone quarries also struggling P3 Little money for the new pen, building stalling April 1892 municipal election – Mayor Rasmusson voted out Private company had built power plant Parties still promising to finish the water system and lower tax burden, like always P4 Party of Political Reform who wanted to bring honesty and sobriety to city government – temperance was a deal breaker for voters The Populist People’s Party active in Rawlins and Carbon County, but had little effect on elections 3rd parties played a big role all across the country Minor feud between the county and R. A. Daley and W. A. Dow – repaired bridge at Sugar Creek P5 County commissioners refused to pay for the bridge repair, offered lower pay, Carbon County Journal stuck up for the men Governor Amos Barber voted out, in part because of shielding the Johnson County invaders from justice John E. Osborne became governor – Barber’s associates tried to keep Osborne out of the office Barber’s enforcer locked himself and Osborne in the building for 5 days until Osborne declared officially winner P6 Grover Cleveland became president Dr. T.G. Maghee’s family – wife and 6 year old son; he came to be post surgeon for Fort Stambaugh in 1873, 6 years later he left army and made home in Green River, became UPRR surgeon. 1880 moved to Rawlins; 1881 brought out Osborne Oldest son Thomas Gillison Maghee Jr., Gillie, had to help raising his younger brothers because his mother was mentally ill. Middle two brothers sent away to an aunt, Gillie stayed and cared for the youngest P7 Mrs. Maghee died end of Feb. 1884 Maghee sent baby to his brother, Gillie went with other brothers to aunt and felt responsible for them Gillie at college in 1887 when his father pointed him out to Joseph M. Carey, who wanted him to go to West Point – failed entrance exam, tried again and was admitted but washed out during sophomore year, graduated from U. of Nebraska, then went to the east to a Commercial College P8 Maghee, new wife, and baby boy Val were living in Rawlins, he bought Rawlins Drug Gillie came back to Rawlins, rented room above his father’s store, worked as a bill collector and bookkeeper, disappointing his father. Gillie charter member of Rawlins Bicycle Club. Quit bank and went to work for the Drug Store to try to make his father happy – middle brothers were making their father happy, and he killed himself P9 Night policeman found the body, father unable to save him, suicide note found P10 First member of the bike club to die – official mourning Late summer 1992 – 100 years after Gillie’s death. Sylvia Downs opened a gift shop, with an underground office under where Gillie died – things in on the walls would fall down – ghost 1898 Andrew McMicken editor of Carbon County Journal; Dec. 24th J.C. Friend left for Casper Early 1893 new contact with Omaha for paint mines P11 Omaha firm needed more ore than anyone had in the past, and at a cheaper rate To the NW of town a new mining venture began – Cherokee Consolidated Copper and Silver Mining Company Dillon’s coal mines re-leased, John Sapp taking it on, demand higher than he can manage New Pen commission put out bids P12 Jeweler Henry Hansen build a stone business Creed McDaniels’ Wyoming Drug Store H. Hansen built a large electric clock Dr. Maghee sold his drug store P13 Osborne had to take his oath of office a second times Rasmusson returned to mayor 3/7/1893 Lillian Heath graduated from law school, one other woman in her class of 22, in May she hung out her shingle at her parents’ house, intending to confine practice to women and children Lillian’s childhood and education P14 Their teacher did nothing while she and another girl taught the classes – he was fired and eventually replaced Lillian considered being a teacher, and started subbing Substitute teaching when Big Nose George lynched Maghee took her as assistant in examining Big Nose George P15 Study theory that criminal activity due to irregular folds in the brain Bertillon system Osborne took skin, turned into shoes, Lillian kept the skull cap and an interest in medicine – accompanied Maghee on house calls while she finished house calls wearing boys clothes P16 Went to medical school Had specially tailored dresses while practicing, carried a gun at night Lillian was a clothes model as well First child she delivered was Emit O’Melia – Mrs. O’Melia thought Lillian was a great doctor but refused to pay her as much as a man P17 James “Wild West” Sherrod, freighter, feud with Bill Nye, Laramie Boomerange founder – 17 year old dispute about Nye’s ability to publish Sherrod’s history, Nye wrote rudely about Sherrod in the paper P18 This rude article got Rawlins’ open sewer labeled Vulgar Creek – very stinky in the summer In June one water tank on a hill failed, causing flooding – Vulgar Creek rose P19 Rebuilt ruptured tank Vulgar Creek stank up the whole town – suggestions that waste be hauled outside the city to prevent it P20 Newly repaired tank leaking – added oatmeal , which sealed it, but then spoiled and contaminated the water supply – whole city smells at this point New mining town being set up P21 Transcontinental Coal and Iron Co, set up by James Rankin – set up townsite of Campbell – fe buildings but 3 mine shafts – bad luck Dillon the only one who got lucky with mines in the area –once back from prison in Utah he found a huge deposit of high grade iron hematite P22 UP tried to buy Dillon’s claim to prevent mining that would impact their rails – refused Dillon and Doge staked claims to 30 acres of soda in lakes north of town, then some white quartz sand for glass, then more coal mines P23 Dillon’s good luck continues, found more coal veins that went under the RR tracks – UP very upset but laws allowed him to mine L.D. Ricketts helped Dillon run his mines National currency in rough shape P24 Financial situation for people in the county getting worse Al Clark and Roy Bailey drunk, Clark started violence, shot a madame fatally, Clark arrested P25 Clark held, trial held, guilty of second degree murder – weapons found in his cell – motion for new trial, attempted escape with large knife P26 Clark’s attempted escape – sent to pen in Laramie P27 Another attempted escape, motion for new trial denied, life sentence imposed – pardoned after 10 years Fight over a card game between A.C. Calhoun and Sandoval brothers P28 Calhoun killed, one Sandoval shot but alive – justifiable homicide James Murray came to Carbon 6/13/1893 P29 Murray looking for his ex wife Bertha, who had remarried George Morris - Murray tried to scam Morris, both wanted Bertha, town ran out Murray P30 Sheriff and Marshal had to protect Murray while he got out of town In Dixon, in the Snake River Valley, resident C.F. “Charlie” Perkins had had a rough few years, was building a new hotel but all his creditors called in his debts at once P31 Perkins had to liquidize his merchandise, but he had had a court declare the stock belonged to his wife – case to determine ownership resulted in hung jury, meanwhile he retained the goods - he was smuggling them out of the court’s jurisdiction to CO – 24 hour watch on remaining goods P32 More attempted to be smuggled out, helped Joe Leighton arrested, Perkins approached with hirling George Downing, who shot a deputy; perkins gave himself up P33 Posse went after Downing, he escaped until 1899 P34 Perkins avoided blame except case as an accessory P35 Case dismissed Liquidation sale eventually held, although he got away with refusing to let some of the objects go Disappearance of William A Brown P36 Gideon Mathewson reported that Brown had disappeared, leaving his flocks which Mathewson had cared for for weeks and he wanted compensation – foul play suspected but not proved, Mathewson got Brown’s possessions Body found under Mathewson’s place 46 years later P37 By spring 1893 Johnson County war over Ed Merrill for John Mahoney taking sheep north, dipped sheep at county border as required but arrested for bringing scabby sheep P38 Trial a farce, found guilty even though sheep not scabby – judge found it ridiculous and threw it out, new trial found him innocent. RANS LECTURE-LATE 1893-1895 P1 Formation of Rawlins Company artillery unit 11/23/1893 12/28/1893 swearing in of 25 volunteers P2 Swearing in ceremony; H.D. Merritt elected captain; fancy supper P3 The organization to be supplied with arms and uniforms by the state and federal governments Volunteers had diverse backgrounds P4 Reestablished the Rawlins Cornet band – selected as the Wyoming Regimental Band Artillery member Ira D. Moore moved out of town Equipment didn’t arrive until 3/15/1894 P5 Dress ball held when the uniforms arrived J.C. Dyer passed away Dixon love triangle – John Francis “Frank” Howard killed Charlie Horn over the affections of Grace Bicktold P6 Howard + Bicktold’s living arrangement, she started seeing Horn, who told Howard he should move out P7 Howard and Horn drama P8 Howard trying to borrow a gun P9 Howard shot Horn Posse went after Howard in the snow P10 Caught him 30 miles west of Dixon & returned to Dixon Guilty of 1st degree murder P11 Osborne granted Howard stay of execution, and he was hung 2 weeks later P12 Howard’s hanging P13 Howard’s funeral Thomas Morrison met Albert Columbus aka Jumbo Peterson – gambled, Morrison thought Jumbo was cheating, Morrison left and tried to avoid Jumbo P14 Jumbo following Morrison – Morrison feared he’d be robbed and pulled a gun, Jumbo ignored it, Morrison shot him – arrested P15 Morrison guilty of 2nd degree murder – 25 years Morrison escaped the prison in Laramie, recaptured in Idaho two years later – pardoned at 76 Horse racing and baseball popular in Rawlins – S. L. Willis promoting horse racing P16 Willis reconstructed an old racetrack, introduced harness racing, created a circuit for trotters in region Town of Ferris really into polo – team called Sand Creek Boys Baseball popular P17 Tug of war event – Swedes beat the Danes The depression hit Rawlins Industrial Army [Coxey’s Army] stopped in town & made a good impression P18 A California straggler of the Army came into Rawlins, left on a refrigerator car and nearly froze – Jack London Government started arresting bands of the Army P19 Joe Rankin charged with protecting the railroads from the Army Rawlins sympathetic for the Coxites Band stopped in Rawlins to work voluntarily on a road before going further east Rankin arrested 149 hijackers P20 Hijackers left in WY because Idaho couldn’t afford to guard them – US army in charge, jurisdictional disputes lasted longer than Coxey’s movement Swan Land and Cattle Co. and Eli Lee leasing a ranch, given false information P21 Lee was shot in the dispute, Smith arrested for it – self defense Lee went to Rawlins with a gun - arrested P22 Smith cleared and allowed to leave Captain Henry Wright’s 9th Cavalry going from Rawlins to Utah who saw an “antelope” that turned out to be a sheep dog next to its master Dick King – both shot (he lived) P23 Charges filed against the troops, who had been shooting indiscriminately and whose doctor hadn’t adequately treated King Dispute between UP and employees – UP in receivership UP had accepted guild-based unions to play against each other; Knights of Labor tried to organize different fields together – Rock Springs Chinese Massacre let the UP get laws in their favor P24 Knights losing influence American Railway Union formed in early 1890s – strike in June 1894, stopping traffic by July 1 – offered to run trains of just mail but UP said no Rankin came to protect non-striking workers P25 UP said if workers didn’t show up July 3 they were fired - no one showed up 4th of July parade P26 July 4th parade, other celebrations Pro union men showed up + arrested demonstrators Strike so significant the Feds stepped in + martial law imposed P27 UP hired non-union men, but couldn’t get enough – one mixed mail and passenger train each way a day was all they could do 1 striker went back to work + lawmen attempted to arrested him for having a concealed weapon but the marshals in town to deal with the strike protected him P28 Stores didn’t sell to strike breakers By august back to 60-75% normal numbers – only 10 old hands Strike broken, businesses had huge losses P29 Rankin’s term as marshal up, left town for a while Impact of the strike on Rawlins Progress on the Pen – Larsen developing more quarries Malachi Dillon came out of the strike best off – in control of local coal production P30 Dillon supplied part of Rawlins’ coal, for cheaper while paying miners better than the UP did Dillon Coal merged with The Electric Co. to form Rawlins Electric Light and Fuel Co. Formation of Rawlins Mining and Smelting Co. P31 Locals in charge of local resources Larsen built his own Construction, Carpentry, Mining, Quarrying, and Hardware business Stockman’s meeting – 49 men, 4 of them sheepmen – sheep limited by cattlemen – new fundraising assessments P32 Sheepman’s comments on the limitations Plans to replace abandoned county jail with stone building – Ferguson building Samuel Lee shot at Rankin P33 Lee shot Connor in a money dispute Lee surrendered in Saratoga – Connor’s arm had to be amputated Lee released July 4th 1895 bicycle and horse races Maggie Jones in Carbon – a runaway working in a brothel, tricked into working there by a traveling singer sewing machine agent P34 Maggie, filled with shame, tried to OD but was saved & brought home by her brother Charlie Smith had a fight with Milton McAnally, who claimed he was giving away camp food/was a thief – Smith wanted back a saddle he had lent to McAnally P35 Went to get the saddle w/2 friends, dispute over money, both men shot at each other Smith arrested-Lillian Heath removed a bullet from him, Dr. Benett removed another P36 McAnally suffered for months before money was raised to get him to treatment Smith guilty – 14 years, with more if McAnally died McAnally recovered, later on state legislature – got prisoners moved to Rawlins pen in his 1 term P37 Water tanks replaced by reservoirs Hugus building completed and opened September – Mrs. Olson who ran the boarding house in Walcott flagged down a train enough to alert them to a fire on the bridge ahead P38 Passengers raised $52.10 for her Early fall 1895 – extreme weather – blizzard 9/21 from Utah to Nebraska, Montana to Colorado P39 Travel through serious blizzard – rescued sheepherder caught in storm P40 Sheepherder in rough shape, but everyone made it to Rawlins alive Meanwhile Nevin’s two sons lost in blizzard P41 Nevins boys loss trying to find a cow P42 Searching for Nevin boys – bodies found P43 Boys’ last hours and burial together P44 School students went to the cemetery 1997 Rans contacted by great grandson of Nevin + got info – in 2000 new headstone P45 Rans met with family and went out to the old place in Hugus gulch – only foundation remained P46 Family visited the old home and got comfort and closure RANS LECTURE-END OF THE 1890'S P1 “The Daft Days” – eve of Dec. 24-Jan 6th 1895-6 John D. Paulson shot Tracy W. “Dick” Wilson at ranch of Charles Harding – Wilson died 3 hours later; Sheriff Lou Davis arrested Paulsen P2 Story behind the shooting – testimony P3 Further testimony P4 R.C. Magor, postmaster, short in funds – bondsmen took over and had bill of sale against his fixtures in the post office, squabbles over a replacement for him, government didn’t prosecute him, he moved on to some property sales P5 Sheep vs cattlemen unpleasantness spilled over from Routt county centered on J. G. Edwards, who tried to downplay it that there was plenty of room for all the animals P6 Edwards and the sheep/cattle war – killing of sheep, and sheepmen as well Sheep dispute in the Upper Platte Valley – dividing line of sheep-free zone set – some herds of sheep driven across the line to test it, and were told to leave P7 Maggie Jones, teen dragged into prostitution, now married G. M. Throp – he disappeared 3 days into the honeymoon, he turned out to be a swindler/scam artist P8 Throp wrote a tell-all in the paper, then was taken to Wyoming and sentence to 4 years – released 7 months early Maggie given uncontested divorce Jack Edwards, sheepman, published letter in paper P9 Edwards’ letter about sheep territory vs cattle; response from Snake River Stock Association said his proposition wouldn’t be considered Cattle rancher Frank Adams shot by sheepherder Salenis P10 Initial stories about Adams’ death P11 Salenis uncaptured – false rumors of suicide – eventually captured in Utah, claimed self defense P12 Jury selected, Salenis’ trial started, pictures taken of murder site Witness testimony P13 Witness testimony Key witness – Ed Haggarty, had just discovered Rudefeha copper lode P14 Witness testimony P15 Witness testimony Rubie Rivera served as translator for Salenis’ testimony P16 Salenis’ testimony, jurors allowed to question him P17 Found guilty of 2nd degree murder – s... [truncated due to length]

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