Aragonite

Object/Artifact

-

Crater Rock Museum

Name/Title

Aragonite

Entry/Object ID

2009.62.96

Description

Chemical Composition: CaCO3 Crystal System: Orthorhombic System Description: Common Name: Aragonite Chemistry: CaCO3, Calcium Carbonate Group: Carbonates Location: (Salsigne) Aude, France Description: White coral-like branching crystals turning a light tan on the leading edges. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Color can be white or colorless or with usually subdued shades of red, yellow, orange, brown, green and even blue. Luster is vitreous to dull. Transparency: Crystals are transparent to translucent. Crystal System is orthorhombic; 2/m 2/m 2/m Crystal Habits include twinned hexagonal prismatic crystals as well as a diverse assortment of thin elongated prismatic, curved bladed, steep pyramidal (spiked) and chisel shaped crystals. A branching tree, coral or worm-like delicate form is called "flos ferri". Can also be compact, granular, radially fibrous and massive. Its massive forms can be layered, coralloid, pisolitic, oolitic, globular, stalachtitic and encrusting. Aragonite is a constituent of many species' shell structures. A layered sedimentary marble like formation is called Mexican Onyx and is used for carvings and ornamental purposes. Calcite pseudomorphs of aragonite crystals and formations are common. Cleavage is distinct in one direction (pinacoidal). Fracture is subconchoidal. Hardness is 3.5-4 Specific Gravity is 2.9+ (average for non-metallic minerals) Streak is white. Other Characteristics: aragonite effervesces easily in cold dilute hydrochloric acid, is strongly birefringent, is fluorescent and its refractive index is 1.7 . Associated Minerals include gypsum, barite, smithsonite, malachite, calcite, serpentine, sulfur, celestite, zeolites, quartz, clays, dolomite, limonite, chalcopyrite and wulfenite among many others. Best Field Indicators are crystal habits, single plane of cleavage and reaction to acid. Fracture: Subconchoidal Hardness: 3 Calcite Luster: Vitreous Occurrence: The environments for the formation of aragonite include hot springs deposits, cavities in volcanic rocks, caves and mines. Specific Gravity: 3.5 Streak: white Variety: Aragonite is a common carbonate mineral and is a polymorph of calcite, which means that it has the same chemistry as calcite but it has a different structure, and more importantly, different symmetry and crystal shapes. Aragonite's more compact structure is composed of triangular carbonate ion groups (CO3), with a carbon at the center of the triangle and the three oxygens at each corner. Aragonite is technically unstable at normal surface temperatures and pressures. It is stable at higher pressures, but not at higher temperatures such that in order to keep aragonite stable with increasing temperature, the pressure must also increase. If aragonite is heated to 400 degrees C, it will spontaneously convert to calcite if the pressure is not also increased. Since calcite is the more stable mineral, why does aragonite even form? Well under certain conditions of formation, the crystallization of calcite is somehow discouraged and aragonite will form instead. After burial, given enough time, the aragonite will almost certainly alter to calcite.

Collection

RAGM Mineral Collection

Acquisition

Accession

2009.62

Source or Donor

Museum Collection of Minerals

Acquisition Method

Donation

Dimensions

Width

4 in

Depth

2-1/2 in

Length

4-1/2 in

Weight

0.46 oz

Dimension Notes

Dimension taken at widest points

Location

Location

Container

Left

Drawer

Bottom

Shelf

Right, Right

Wall

East

Building

Freida Smith Hall

Category

Permanent

Moved By

Steve Miller

Date

August 15, 2012

Location

Container

Right

Drawer

2nd Shelf

Shelf

Center, Center

Wall

South wall

Room

Delmar Smith Hall

Building

Crater Rock Museum

Category

Permanent

Moved By

Steve Miller

Date

January 22, 2010

Location

* Untyped Location

Needs Updated Location - 2022

Category

Permanent

Moved By

Jacob Rier

Date

September 25, 2009

Location

Cabinet

Case #56

Wall

Center

Building

Freida Smith Hall

Category

Permanent