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An 1855 graduate of the Female Medical College of Pennsylvania, Dr. Emeline Horton Cleveland was a pioneer in surgery. She was the first of the long line of gynecologists at the College and the first woman to perform abdominal gynecological surgery in Philadelphia. Shortly after her graduation she went to Paris to study obstetrics, as no American medical school would give her the opportunity for graduate work. She returned to the College to head the Department of Obstetrics and served as Professor of Obstetrics from 1862 to 1878. A two-year tenure as Dean ended in 1874 due to poor health.
Dean Emerita Emeline Cleveland served as first President of the Alumnae Association, formed in 1875.