Achromatic Telescope

Object/Artifact

-

Patrick Henry's Red Hill

Name/Title

Achromatic Telescope

Entry/Object ID

99.8

Description

Refracting achromatic telescope with a thin-walled cylindrical case of turned and hollowed mahogany wood. Brass lens holder with a 14-inch brass tube that slides into a retaining fitting. Fitted with shuttered dust-caps on both ends. The cap covering the objective lens bears a maker's mark. Optical elements made by Charles Lincoln (1744–1807), London, England.

Collection

Patrick & Dorothea Henry Collection

Made/Created

Artist Information

Artist

Lincoln, Charles

Role

Designer

Date made

circa 1780 - circa 1790

Time Period

18th Century

Place

* Untyped Place

London, England

Inscription/Signature/Marks

Type

Inscription

Location

Lens cover

Transcription

Lincoln / London

Language

English

Material/Technique

Inscribed

Dimensions

Length

28-3/4 in

Diameter

2-1/2 in

Material

Brass, Glass, Mahogany

Provenance

Notes

This achromatic telescope is said to have belonged to Patrick Henry. As an avid reader of scientific publications, including "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society," Henry likely utilized this instrument in his studies on astronomy. Achromatic telescopes are refracting telescopes that utilize an achromatic lens to correct for chromatic aberration, a phenomenon where a lens fails to focus all colors to the same point. Refractors were the earliest type of optical telescope. An achromatic lens is a compound lens composed of two types of glass with different dispersions. One element, a concave lens made out of Flint glass, has relatively high dispersion, while the other, a convex element made of Crown glass, has a lower dispersion. Optical instrument maker Charles Lincoln (1744–1807) made this telescope in London, England, around 1785. Charles took over his father Thomas Lincoln's (ca. 1696–ca. 1761) business around 1761 and is recorded as trading at 11 Cornhill, near the Poultry, London, in 1763. By 1772, he had relocated his business to 62 Leadenhall Street, where he likely manufactured this telescope, along with an array of other instruments, including microscopes, thermometers, and surveyors' levels. Family tradition holds that Patrick Henry gave this telescope to his daughter Elizabeth "Betsey" Henry Aylett (1769–1842), who then gave it to to her daughter, Sarah Shelton Aylett Fontaine (1811–1876), then to her son Patrick Henry Fontaine (1841–1915), to his son Philip Aylett Fontaine Sr. (1868–1936), and then to his daughter, Sara Henry Fontaine Fetter (1911–2010). The telescope was given to the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation by Sara Henry Fetter on October 4, 1999.