Cutlass

Object/Artifact

-

Saco Museum

Name/Title

Cutlass

Entry/Object ID

2016.460.1

Description

Steel single-edge cutlass with a straight, heavy blade. Brass semi-basket hilt with wooden grip. Scratched on both the wooden grip and the bottom of the counterguard are two "initial" that resemble a backwards N and an A. See the image files for details.

Context

Revolutionary War cutlasses were short, sturdy, single-edged blades designed for close-quarters fighting, specifically boarding enemy vessels. This cutlass is almost certainly a colonial American production given its plain wooden grip and rather crudely fashioned hilt and blade. On board ship, the cutlass also served as an all-purpose maritime tool since its heavy blade was handy for cutting through heavy rope and canvas.

Made/Created

Date made

1750 - 1800

Dimensions

Width

1-3/4 in

Length

31-3/8 in

Dimension Notes

Blade length: 25.5" Hilt 6.75 L X 5.00 W

Material

Steel, Wood

Interpretative Labels

Label Type

Cultural/Historical Context

Label

Solomon Hopkins (1757-1843) Solomon Hopkins of Saco served aboard the Continental ship-sloop Ranger from July 1778 until May 1780. He joined the ship’s crew in Brest, France, then under the leadership of the ship’s second commander, Captain Thomas Simpson. Hopkins served as quartermaster, responsible for supervising the physical navigation and steering of the ship. Under Captain Simpson’s leadership, the Ranger concentrated on disrupting British supply lines. In the summer of 1779, the Ranger, along with two other vessels, intercepted a massive British fleet off the Grand Banks. They captured eleven heavily laden merchant ships, making it one of the most financially successful naval operations of the war. In late 1779, the ship was ordered to Charleston to bolster the city’s defenses against an impending British invasion. When Charleston fell to the British fleet in May 1780, the Ranger and its crew were captured. Hopkins managed to escape and made his way first to North Carolina, and eventually home to Maine. After the war, Hopkins sailed as master of many merchant vessels owned by Saco residents, including those belonging to Thomas Cutts.