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The national artist of Pakistan, Chughtai is credited with being the first artist to revive the Mughal miniature according to Iftikhar Dadi at Cornell University. Born in Lahore, he studied and taught at the National College of Art, Lahore, Pakistan. Art historian, Partha Mitter, believes that encounters with poet Rabindranath Tagore introduced a spirit of nationalism in Chughtai, leading him to create his unique style, strongly influenced by Mughal miniatures. Chughtai firmly believed in the need to re-establish an indigenous artistic identity, which he felt was being threatened by the British colonialists.