1796 North American Land Company Map

Name/Title

1796 North American Land Company Map

Entry/Object ID

2002.01.13

Description

This hand-drawn survey map shows all the known land holdings in the Great Bend region by 1796. Some of the land was awarded to soldiers and officers who served in the French and Indian War from 1754-63. A significant amount of land was owned by Albert Gallatin, who would later become Thomas Jefferson’s Secretary of the Treasury, and Savary de Valcoulon, the Frenchman who assisted the American Colonies during the Revolutionary War. The North American Land Company also owned vast holdings here before going bankrupt due to questions about the authenticity of many of its titles, international conflict, and poor financial management.

Acquisition

Accession

2002.01

Source or Donor

Sue Proctor Miller

Lexicon

Nomenclature 4.0

Nomenclature Tertiary Object Term

Survey, Land

Nomenclature Secondary Object Term

Map

Nomenclature Primary Object Term

Cartograph

Nomenclature Sub-Class

Graphic Documents

Nomenclature Class

Documentary Objects

Nomenclature Category

Category 08: Communication Objects

Map Details

Maker or Creator

North American Land Company

Area or Region

County

Jackson County

State/Province

West Virginia

Country

United States of America

Continent

North America

Date Published

1796

Medium

Paper

Inscription/Signature/Marks

Type

Label

Location

Accession Folder

Transcription

This map executed by hand before 1796 shows the holdings of land awarded the soldiers and officers for service in the French and Indian War, 1754-1763, land owned by Albert Gallatin and Savary de Valcoulon, the Frenchman who assisted the American Colonies during the Revolutionary War, and the vast holdings of the North American Land Company. The Library of Congress restored the map on linen and treated the paper to protect it from silverfish, for the privilege of making a copy of it. The copy now hangs in the Library of Congress, Washington DC.

Type

Label

Location

Accession Folder

Transcription

MS - West Va - ca [1780] - North American Land Co. Land grant map covering section now known (1949) as Jackson County West Va. bounded by portions of the Little Kanawha, Kanawha, and Elk Rivers.

Dimensions

Depth

2 in

Condition

Notes

The map was previously treated by staff at the Library of Congress around 1949. As part of the treatment the map was cut into six segments of unequal size. Each sixth was lined to a soft wove paper with an unknown adhesive, possibly Yes! Paste. Each paper-lined component was then adhered to a large piece of canvas, again with an unknown adhesive; 1/8” gaps were left between each sixth to facilitate folding. From the documented practices of the forerunners of the current Preservation Directorate at the Library of Congress, it is likely that the map was washed and deacidified prior to lining without regard to the solubilities of any of the writing inks. Slight haloing around a few blue ink inscriptions that likely date to the late 19th or early 20th century indicate that these inks were partially soluble in whatever solutions were applied to the map. The attached typewritten note, outlining the conservation history of the map, indicates that it was likely treated with an insecticide. The smell of the map suggests that the insecticide used may have been thymol. Originally composed of multiple pieces of laid paper, the current outline of the primary paper support is wildly uneven. This may have been the original format of the map, as more land was acquired, surveyed, and added to the already existing map, requiring additions or alterations to the paper support; alternately, a more rectilinear object may have been cut down as the outer, empty areas of paper became damaged. It is likely that the current shape of the primary support may be result of both possibilities - additions and removals - as the assemblage of paper sheets is uneven and areas have fragmentary text, indicating that portions are no longer extant. The map was originally folded, with a moderate degree of loss to the primary paper support occurring along the folds and outer edges. There is some skinning and localized damage to tear/fold edges related to silverfish, but nothing extensive enough to suggest even a minor infestation. The wove paper secondary supports are lifting from the fabric lining along the corners and edges. The entire work also exhibits some minor uneven overall planar distortions, so that it does not lay flat when unfolded. There are a number of tack holes present, primarily along the perimeter of the secondary/tertiary supports, likely from a past display method. The paper is moderately discolored overall, with some historic ink stains scattered across the surface of the map. There are a number of fly specs on the surface, which appear to be smashed into the paper primary support. There is a large dark liquid stain at the lower left quadrant of the map; this is the result of a coffee spilled by a previous owner. Surface dirt is slight/minor overall The inks appear to be stable an in good condition, though there is some evidence of smearing/ lateral movement of late 19th century inks by the heavy treatment carried out by the Library of Congress. Preliminary testing indicates that the inks are stable in water and water/ethanol solutions. Attached individually onto paper secondary supports are a typewritten note about the attribution of and past treatment of the piece and a photostat. The photostat is of a simple map of property held by George Washington. Both are secured to the paper secondary supports with four pieces of pressure sensitive adhesive tape. The adhesive tape is discolored. The typewritten note is in good condition but the photostat is faded unevenly overall.