The Novel

Name/Title

The Novel

Entry/Object ID

2022.1.12

Description

Woman dressed in black gazing at the viewer and holding and open book.

Type of Painting

Easel

Artwork Details

Medium

Oil on Canvas

Collection

Michael J. and Aimee Rusinko Kakos Collection

Cataloged By

Ava Tine

Acquisition

Accession

2022.1

Credit Line

Saint Vincent Art & Heritage Collections; Gift of Michael and Aimee Rusinko Kakos

Made/Created

Artist

Clausen, Sir George

Date made

1879

Inscription/Signature/Marks

Type

Signature

Location

signed on the stretcher

Transcription

Signed and dated 1879

Dimensions

Height

20 in

Width

13-1/4 in

Accessories

Accessory

Frame

Provenance

Provenance Detail

Provenance: Sotheby’s London, March 4, 1998, Lot 34

Exhibitions

Impressionist Legacies, St. Vincent College
Dudley Gallery, 1879

General Notes

Note Type

Artist’s Intent Note

Note

Initially captivated by seventeenth century Dutch genre painting, George Clausen became drawn to the stark realism of James Abbott McNeill Whistler during the 1870s, having seen Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, known more commonly as Portrait of the Artist’s Mother (1871), and its companion, Arrangement in Grey and Black, No. 2: Portrait of Thomas Carlyle (1872– 1873). It is during this period Clausen painted several isolated female socialites, including an unidentified woman in The Novel. With an open book on her lap, a sophisticated young woman languidly reclines on a Victorian sofa; the outline of her dress contouring the muted-orange upholstery. Inclusion of imported luxuries such as the porcelain Chinese teapot, cup, and saucer sitting atop an octagonal 52 Jules Bastien-Lepage prompted Clausen’s turn away of portraiture of the elite to pursue an honest austerity of rural life the following decade. Dissatisfied with occasional table inlayed with mother of pearl symbolize her middle class status within English society and point to the expanding presence of the British Empire. A cropped carved Dutch black lacquered frame above the sitter suggests the influence of Edgar Degas and Gustave Callibotte, while unblended brushwork throughout the piece bears additional testament to his awareness of Impressionism. When the painting was exhibited in the winter of 1879 at the Dudley Gallery, The Magazine of Art praised the piece: “Mr. George Clausen adopts this year the prevailing fashion for painting studio arrangements of decorative drapery: The Novel contains a combination of orange-colour and pale green and is very closely lighted.”5 5: McConkey, Kenneth. Sir George Clausen, R.A. 1852 – 1944. Bradford Art Galleries and Museums and Tyne and Wear County Council Museums, 1980, pg. 15.

Note Type

Cataloging Note

Note

Literature: Sir Geroge Clausen, R.A., 1852 – 1944, Braford Art Galleries and Museums and Tyne and Wear County Council Museums, 1980, p. 25, no. 15

Created By

ava.tine@stvincent.edu

Create Date

February 20, 2026

Updated By

ava.tine@stvincent.edu

Update Date

February 20, 2026